Published in The Lancet Digital Health. Here is a link to the article.
Regenstrief Institute authors: Saptarshi Purkayastha, PhD
This viewpoint explores how generative artificial intelligence (AI) is transforming medical imaging through the creation of realistic synthetic datasets. It discusses key AI image generation methods—such as physics-informed and statistical models—and their potential to expand and diversify medical research. The paper highlights the benefits of synthetic data, including enhanced diversity, data privacy, and utility for modeling complex biological processes. Applications include improving medical education, supplementing rare disease data, streamlining radiology workflows, and supporting secure multicenter collaborations. The authors also address ethical and practical challenges, such as patient privacy, data replication, and bias, and call for the development of strong evaluation standards and responsible AI use in medical imaging.
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